Defensive Future Studies

Defensive Future Studies

The impact of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 on the countries of the Resistance Axis

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 PhD student in Political Geography,, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Political Geography, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Future Studies, Military Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
4 Instructor of Geography, Military Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Objectives: Saudi Arabia’s leadership, spearheaded by Mohammed bin Salman, has unveiled an ambitious Vision 2030 aimed at diversifying the economy beyond oil and fostering comprehensive societal change. This study aims to analyze the various facets of this vision and assess its potential implications for the Resistance Axis.
Methodology: This applied, exploratory study employs an inductive, qualitative approach. Data were collected through a combination of library research and expert interviews. Thematic analysis and the future wheel method were utilized to examine the impact of Saudi Vision 2030 on the Resistance Axis countries.
Findings: The findings suggest that Saudi Arabia has the potential to achieve the objectives outlined in Vision 2030. Realizing these goals would yield political, economic, geostrategic, and geo-cultural benefits that could influence Resistance Axis countries in the economic, political, media, cultural, and military domains.
Conclusions: To counter the challenges posed by the realization of Saudi Vision 2030, Resistance Axis countries must adopt appropriate strategies and foster greater cooperation. These countries can advance their shared objectives and mitigate vulnerabilities to Saudi influence by strengthening economic and cultural convergence and reinforcing political ties
Keywords

Subjects


  • Amini, Saeed, & Dahnaviyeh, Reza (2015). The Wheel of the Future: Unknown, Yet Practical and Pivotal in Enhancing Community Health (Editorial). Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 12(3): 273-275]In Persian[. URL: https://him.mui.ac.ir/article_11412.html
  • Javadi, Raghieh & Gholamreza Behroozi Lak. (2017). Scenarios for the Next Decade of Iran-Saudi Arabia Relations. International Political Quarterly, Research of Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e Quds Branch, Issue 32.]In Persian[. URL: https://sanad.iau.ir/journal/pir/Article/
  • Hafeznia, Mohammad Reza. (2021). Geopolitical Realms of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Scientific Theories, available at ir]In Persian[. URL: https://hafeznia.ir/.
  • Heidari, Amirhoshang & Nazemi, Amir. (2018). Application of Foresight Methods in Analyzing Technology Policy Documents. Tehran: Center for Scientific Policy Research ]In Persian].URL: https://book.nrisp.ac.ir/book_49.html
  • Rahbar, Amirhossein & Nasr Isfahani, Alireza. (2024). A Reflection on Foresight Methodology. Revolutionary Islamic Foresight Journal, Vol. 5, Spring, 5(1): 253-283 ]In Persian[. URL: https://jms.ihu.ac.ir/article_208784.html
  • Fahimi, Ali Akbar (2021). Foresight on the Impact of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 on Hajj Management. Journal of Hajj and Pilgrimage Research, 6(1): 203-235]In Persian.[ URL: https://journal.hzrc.ac.ir/article_46277.html
  • Keshavarz Tork, Einollah (2014). The Role of Cultural Planning in the Urban Development System of Iran with a Foresight Approach. Doctoral Dissertation, Qazvin: Imam Khomeini International University ]In Persian.[ URL: https://elmnet.ir/doc/10622923-2560
  • Keyghobadi, & Maleki Far (2014). Encyclopedia of Foresight Methods, Tehran: Tisa Publications ]In Persian[. URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/11115097/
  • Gharavandi, Shahpar; Kakha Adar, Ronak & Lorestani, Babak (2019). Consequences of Developing Rural Entrepreneurial Businesses Using the Wheel of the Future Technique. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Agriculture, 6(2), 29-40 ]In Persian[. DOI: 10.22069/jead.2021.18531.1432
  • Qaraei Ashtiani, M. R. (2024). Iran's geopolitical interests affecting the country's role in power geometry. Military Science and Tactics, 20(67):185-215. doi: 10.22034/qjmst.2024.2009560.1934]In Persian[ DOI: 10.22034/qjmst.2024.2009560.1934
  • Arm, Armina. (2016). Iran and Saudi Arabia: Competition for Influence in the Middle East. Quarterly Politics, Volume 3, Issue 9 ]In Persian[. URL: https://www.ensani.ir/file/download/article/
  • Glen, Jerome C. & Gordon, Theodore. (2013). Encyclopedia of Foresight Methods, Translated by: Marzieh Keyghobadi, Farrokhandeh Maleki Far, Tehran: Tisa Publications ]In Persian[.
  • Center for Strategic Studies of the Presidency. (2016). Saudi Arabia's Vision for 2030, National ID: R-1103577]In Persian[.
  • -Rashad,Marwa (2016). “Saudis await prince's vision of future with hope and concern”, April 24, URL: https://www.reuters.com/article/world/saudis-await-princes-vision-
  • Daffara, Ph. (2020). Applying the Futures Wheel and Macrohistory to the Covid19.Global Pandemic. Journal of Futures Studies. Vol. 25(2) 35–48. URL: https://jfsdigital.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/
  • Glenn, J. C., & Gordon, T. J. (2009). THE FUTURES WHEEL. In FuturesResearch Methodology — Version 3 The illennium Projec.
  • Nurunnabi, M. (2017) Transformation from an Oil-based Economy to a Knowledge-based Economy in Saudi Arabia: the Direction of Saudi Vision 2030 . J Knowl Econ 8, 536–564. DOI: 1007/s13132-017-0479-8.
  • Saeidifard, A. , Roumina, E. , Hafeznia, M. R. and Roshani, R. (2024). Identifying the drivers of the military influence of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the West Asia region. Defensive Future Studies9(32), 37-63. doi: 10.22034/dfsr.2024.2021661.1771]In Persian[. DOI: 22034/dfsr.2024.2021661.1771
  • news. (2023, January 2). 4 hyper-modern cities of the NEOM project in Saudi Arabia + images. Borna.news. URL: https://borna.news/fa/news/1417663
  • The Vision Themes [Cited 2025 Jan 27]. Available from: URL: https://www.vision2030.gov.sa/en/overview.
  • The Vision line [Cited 2025 Jan 27]. Available from: URL: https://www.neom.com/en-us/regions/theline.
  • Fattah, Zainab and Martin,Matthew , Saudis Scale Back Ambition for $1.5 Trillion Desert Project Neom [Cited April 5, 2024].Available from: URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-04-05/
  •